![]() General officers, and staff officers wore trousers of the same shade of blue as the coat. NCOs had a vertical stripe in the arm of service colors. Trousers for all enlisted men and regimental officers were sky blue.Officers could wear this or a dark blue variant. Greatcoat: In sky blue, with standing collar and French cuffs and a fixed short cape.Rank insignia was worn on the coat, the same as the dress frock. A sack coat was also issued as a fatigue uniform, being lined for recruits, and unlined for a service uniform. Field and general officers wore a double-breasted version, with generals wearing dark blue velvet collars and cuffs. Cavalry and horse artillery used a short jacket, which was more practical for riding. Company officers wore an untrimmed single-breasted coat, with shoulder straps to signify rank and branch of service. Coat: In Prussian blue, tight fitting and almost knee length, trimmed in the arm of service piping along the collar edges and in the French-peak styled cuff trim, for all enlisted ranks.Forage caps were regulation for service and non-dress occasions, while the non-regulation kepi was also widely used. ![]() Headgear: A black felt Hardee hat, the Model 1858 Dress Hat, with one brim being secured by means of an embroidered eagle for officers and a metallic eagle for enlisted men, after the U.S.The service and campaign uniform consisted of the following: As a result, almost any variation of the official uniform could be found as officers and men abandoned some items, adopted others and modified still others.ĭescribed in general terms this uniform consisted of: For example, shoulder straps began replacing epaulets in dress occasions. Uniforms were adapted to local conditions, the commander's preference, and what was available. It consisted of a Campaign Uniform, a Parade (Dress) Uniform, and a Fatigue Uniform.ĭuring the war, enforcement of uniform regulations was imperfect. Army uniform at the outbreak of the war had acquired its definitive form in the 1858 regulations. War Secretary Jefferson Davis before the war he later became Confederate President. Ironically, several main pieces of gear had been created by order of the U.S. Officers uniforms tended to be highly customized and would stray from Army standard. Specific jobs, companies, and units had markedly different styles at times, often following European customs such as that of the Zouaves. Officer's ranks were denoted with increasing levels of golden decoration. The ideal uniform was prescribed as a dark blue coat with lighter pants, with a black hat. ![]() The military uniforms of the Union Army in the American Civil War were widely varied and, due to limitations on supply of wool and other materials, based on availability and cost of materials. Army first sergeant, circa 1858, influenced by the French army A Technician Third Grade earned the same pay as a Staff Sergeant and would be called “Sergeant,” but held less authority than a PFC Sixth Grade.A plate showing the uniform of a U.S. Within each grade are ranks, sometimes more than one. ![]() You’ll see there are seven enlisted pay grades, with 1st being the highest and 7th the lowest. The chart below shows the grade and rank system in the Army during World War II. Navy rates in World War II were numerous, ranging from “Boilermaker” and “Patternmaker” to “Pharmacist” and “Yeoman.” In creating the “Technician,” the Army was really just catching up with the Navy, which had long designated sailors according to the skill or, as the Navy calls it, their “rate,” which can be more important than rank. The stripes and the “T” just indicated pay grade. In fact, for most of the war, all Technicians, no matter the stripes, had all the authority of privates. They did specialized jobs, like drafting or crystal grinding. The “T” stood for “Technician” and indicated some special trade. The Army still used chevrons on top and rockers beneath, but now added a conspicuous capital “T” in the field underneath the chevrons. The Army also created some new enlisted ranks that complicated the simple Private-Corporal-Sergeant stripe system that had prevailed before the war. There were thousands of codes, and the system was confusing, but the basic structure is still with us today. To keep track of these jobs, the Army created the MOS–Military Occupation Specialty Codes. ![]()
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